Types of Air Compressors

There are many types of air compressors, which can be divided into positive displacement compressors, reciprocating compressors, and centrifugal compressors according to their working principles. The working principle of positive displacement compressors is to compress the volume of gas to increase the density of gas molecules per unit volume. To increase the pressure of the compressed air; the working principle of the centrifugal compressor is to increase the movement speed of the gas molecules, so that the kinetic energy of the gas molecules can be converted into the pressure energy of the gas, thereby increasing the pressure of the compressed air. The working principle of the reciprocating compressor (also known as the piston compressor) is to directly compress the gas and discharge it when the gas reaches a certain pressure.

Now commonly used air compressors include piston air compressors, screw air compressors, (screw air compressors are divided into twin-screw air compressors and single-screw air compressors), centrifugal compressors and sliding vane air compressors. machine, scroll air compressor. Below are the definitions of the various compressors. Compressors such as lobe, diaphragm and diffusion pumps are not included because of their special purpose and relatively small size.

Positive displacement compressor – a compressor that directly depends on changing the gas volume to increase the gas pressure.

Reciprocating compressor – is a positive displacement compressor, the compression element is a piston, which reciprocates in the cylinder. Rotary Compressor – is a positive displacement compressor in which compression is achieved by the forced movement of rotating elements. Sliding vane compressor – It is a rotary variable capacity compressor, and its axial sliding vane slides radially on the eccentric rotor with the cylindrical cylinder. The air trapped between the vanes is compressed and discharged.

Liquid-Piston Compressor – is a rotary positive displacement compressor in which water or other liquid acts as a piston to compress gas and then expel it.

Roots Twin Rotor Compressor – A rotary displacement compressor in which two Roots rotors mesh with each other to trap the gas and send it from the inlet to the exhaust. There is no internal compression.

Screw compressor – is a rotary positive displacement compressor in which two rotors with helical gears mesh with each other to compress and discharge the gas.

Velocity Compressor – is a rotary continuous flow compressor in which high-speed rotating blades accelerate the gas passing through it, thereby converting velocity energy into pressure. This transformation occurs partly on rotating blades and partly on stationary diffuser or backflow baffles.

Centrifugal Compressor–A velocity-type compressor in which one or more rotating impellers (blades usually on the side) accelerate the gas. The primary airflow is radial.

Axial Compressor–A speed-type compressor in which gas is accelerated by a bladed rotor. The primary airflow is axial.

Mixed flow compressor – also a speed compressor, the shape of its rotor combines some characteristics of both centrifugal and axial flow.

Jet Compressor – Utilizes a high-velocity gas or steam jet to take away the inhaled gas, and then converts the velocity of the mixed gas to pressure on the diffuser.

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